NICE

Are the newcomers to migraine treatment really any better than Botox treatment?

That’s one of the key questions being asked now. And it’s an important one, because it’s affecting migraine patients and their insurance coverage.

For example, in England, NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) recently decided not to recommend Ajovy (fremanezumab) as one of the drugs provided under the NHS (National Health Service). Why? Because current evidence doesn’t show the Ajovy is that much better than Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA) for patients who have tried several treatments already. And if the difference in success is negligible, the difference in cost is not – onabotulinumtoxinA wins easily.

Botox, once the strange newcomer to migraine treatment, is now an old standard. And it may be difficult for policy makers and insurance companies to accept the newcomers, even if they may be better for some patients.

Interestingly enough, its affect on CGRP may be one of the reasons why onabotulinumtoxinA works for migraine patients, which may explain similar results. But we’re still waiting for some good head-to-head studies to really show us which is “better” – “better”, that is, for most patients in general, not necessarily better for you. Welcome to the real world. (Also see Botox and CGRP – and the Future of Migraine Treatment.)

If new studies confirm that Botox performs as well as CGRP inhibitors, of course doctors may want to recommend Botox first, as a less expensive option, to most patients. But Is that a reason to not recommend the CGRP inhibitors at all? Or not to cover it in an insurance policy?

Of course, all this has nothing to do with money and politics. Well, ok, maybe it does. Allergan is busy trying to convince investors that Botox for migraine sales continue strong. And there is some evidence that onabotulinumtoxinA and CGRP inhibitors may turn out to be best friends, because the anti-CGRP drugs may help the migraine-fighting effects of Botox last longer (see Concurrent CGRP Inhibitor and OnabotulinumtoxinA Therapy Boosts Relief in Severe Chronic Migraine).

But with the current expense of the new drugs, and a lack of studies to show long term safety, Botox may still have a surprising advantage.

(You can see in detail the reasoning of NICE in their paper here: Fremanezumab for preventing migraine (pdf). Also see Results of The Migraine Trust’s latest patient survey to inform new migraine drug NICE consultation.)